Research papers

This is an overview of the different deliverables and research output from the ELSA Lab Defence Consortium.

The Role of Consent in an Algorithmic Society – Its Evolution, Scope, Failings and Re-conceptualization File extension: cfm?abstract_id=4331737 External
The right of access in automated decision-making: the scope of article 15 (1)(h) GDPR in theory and practice File extension: External
Self-determination in the age of algorithmic warfare File extension: cfm?abstract_id=4587724 External
Adopting AI in Defense Organizations Requires Further Focus on Ethical, Legal and Societal Aspects File extension: cfm?abstract_id=4754951 External
Model of a military autonomous device following International Humanitarian Law File extension: External
State responsibility in relation to military applications of artificial intelligence File extension: External
Understanding the legal bases for automated decision-making under the GDPR File extension: xml External
A Socio‑Technical Feedback Loop for Responsible Military AI Life‑Cycles from Governance to Operation File extension: pdf#page=30 External
Meaningful human control of drones: exploring human–machine teaming, informed by four different ethical perspectives File extension: pdf External
Intelligent decision support in medical triage: Are people robust to biased advice? File extension: External
Model of a military autonomous device following international humanitarian law File extension: External
Negligence failures and negligence fixes: A comparative analysis of criminal regulation of AI and autonomous vehicles File extension: External
The conceptual roots of the criminal responsibility gap in autonomous weapon systems File extension: pdf External
Self-Determination in the Age of Algorithmic Warfare File extension: cfm?abstract_id=4587724 External
Role of emotions in responsible military AI File extension: External
Is wearing these sunglasses an attack? Obligations under IHL related to anti-AI countermeasures File extension: External
A fair trial in complex technology cases: Why courts and judges need a basic understanding of complex technologies File extension: External
Substantive fairness in the GDPR: Fairness Elements for Article 5.1a GDPR File extension: External
Drone Regulation and AI Law: Assessing the Intersection of the EU Legal Frameworks for Unmanned Aircraft and Artificial Intelligence File extension: cfm?abstract_id=5116157 External
Measuring meaningful human control in human–AI teaming: effects of team design in AI-assisted pandemic triage File extension: pdf External
From liability gaps to liability overlaps: shared responsibilities and fiduciary duties in AI and other complex technologies File extension: External
AI in oorlogsvoering File extension: com2F External
AI in Weapon Systems Committee report: Proceed with caution File extension: External
AI in the age of distrust File extension: External
Team Design Patterns for Meaningful Human Control in Responsible Military Artificial Intelligence File extension: pdf External
Performance or Explainability? A Law of Armed Conflict Perspective File extension: External
Designing for Meaningful Human Control in Military Human-Machine Teams File extension: 11892 External
Chapter 16: Holistic bow-tie model of meaningful human control over effective systems: towards a dynamic balance of humans and AI-based systems within our global society and environment File extension: xml?tab_body=abstract-copy1 External
Article 5: Time-limits for storage and review File extension: cfm?abstract_id=5116110 External
Chapter 9: Aspects of realizing (meaningful) human control: a legal perspective File extension: xml External
Research Handbook on Warfare and Artificial Intelligence File extension: xml External
RP6 – Team Design Patterns for Meaningful Human Control in Responsible Military Artificial Intelligence File extension: pdf File size: 532 kB
RP5 – AI & Society (2025) liability gaps File extension: pdf File size: 656 kB
RP4 – Scope of an Autonomous Attack File extension: pdf File size: 399 kB
RP3 – The Conceptual Roots of the Criminal Responsibility Gap in Autonomous Weapon Systems File extension: pdf File size: 526 kB
RP2_Model_of_a_military_autonomous_device File extension: pdf File size: 2 MB
RP1_Role_of_emotions File extension: pdf File size: 178 kB